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President Andrew Jackson and his administration had no way of knowing the upper portion of the Missouri River would be frozen over in winter. The hoped for direct water route from the fur-rich north to the salt water ports of America was thus frustrated.

William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expodition writes on this day:

“I observed extrodanary dexterity of the Indians in jumping from one cake of ice to another, for the purpose of Catching the buffalow as they float down. Many of the cakes of ice which they pass over are not two feet square. The Plains are on fire in View of the fort on both Sides of the River.”